Thursday, 27 November 2014

Full Metal Jacket Spectatorship

Clip One

The audience reaction to the first scene which is Pyle's introduction is that they laugh at the creative and humorous insults Hartman shouts at the recruits. Pyle also finds them amusing which means he is aligned with the same state as the audience. However, when Hartman starts to choke Pyle and he stops laughing, the scene stops being funny and we start to feel sympathetic for Pyle.

The first scene uses a low angle shot when Pyle is on his knees, symbolising Hartman's power. However the first shot shows that Pyle is taller than Hartman. The use of the camera shots reverses the power in the scene. The shouted dialogue makes Hartman seem intimidating, with the framing of the shots with Hartman right next to Pyle, in his face.

In the second scene outside, Pyle gets his left and right mixed up and Hartman slaps him before humiliating him by making him straggle behind with his trousers down and his thumb in his mouth.

The first shot shows a large group of the recruits performing the exercise in unison and when Pyle messes it up, he is immediately ostracised from the rest of the group and his mistake is picked up immediately by Pyle. The shot and mis-en-scene with the large amount of recruits performing the same action makes Pyle different from the rest of them, reinforced by Hartman screaming ''You think your different?!'' This reinforces the audience reception of feeling sympathy for Pyle and despising Hartman. The setting is outside as opposed to the first scene where it was inside, which shows that the bullying of Pyle is for everyone to see, not just his recruits. Hartman is making Pyle feel alienated during the boot camp training which could invoke a reaction from a spectator who has experienced this alienation or bullying from previous experience

The last shot of Pyle being humiliated with his trousers down is another example of him being alienated by Hartman, with the shot including all the other recruits walking through the shot, and out of shot and then him, symbolising that everyone else is better than him.

Clip Two

In this clip, the audience align with Pyle again and this is reinforced by the construct of the cinematography and the camera.

In the first scene during the training, Pyle tries to climb over a log but doesnt have the strength to do it. His physical struggle is represented through the low angle hand held camera movement and the diagetic sound of Hartman barking a stream of insults at him over a non-diagetic military track in the background. Pyle then has to do some pull ups but he can't do a single one. We see down the long line of recruits doing pull ups that Pyle is the only one who can't do one. The camera singles him out as the only one who can't do one. The next sequence is Pyle climbing up a high climbing frame, the mis-en-scene here shows how high the frame is, with the camera panning up and down following Pyle climbing it. On the climbing frame he is overtaken by two other recruits showing his weakness. The military score in this sequence is ironic, suggesting that this is the real u.s military, bullying.

The second scene shows Hartman discovering that Pyle has smuggled a jelly donut into his locker. Hartman singles out Pyle by making him stand in the middle of the frame, with his fellow recruits lined side by side to him. Hartman turns the recruits on Pyle by saying that they will be punished every time Pyle makes a mistake. The camera then shows a low angle shot of Pyle eating the jelly donut, the low angle making him look taller and larger than the other recruits doing push ups emphasising Hartmans comment that Pyle is a 'fatbody.' By framing Pyle in the middle of the shot, he again becomes alienated from his other recruits.

The audience response varies in this clip, a general audience response would be to feel sorry for Pyle due to his relentless bullying and alienation from the others, but he doesn't help himself by smuggling a donut and getting the others in trouble. This may provoke a different reaction from the audience. They may get a preferred or oppositional reading from the audience.


Clip Three

The audience change their alignment in this clip, Pyle goes insane and kills Hartman, and threatens Joker, before he kills himself.

The first scene in the clip, shows Pyle's fellow recruits punishing him for smuggling the donut by smacking him with soap in their pillowcases. Their is a creepy intense score and the colour palette of the sequence is blue, reflecting sadness or a disturbing environment. The violence in Clip three is central imagining, which means we see physical abuse and Pyle's death on screen as opposed to the other clips where it was mainly a-central imagining psychological abuse. Joker, who has sympathised with Pyle finds it hard to punish him but does it anyway to fit in with the rest of the recruits. When Pyle starts to cry, an audience who are taking a preferred reading may be sympathetic or a oppositional reading may be that it is pathetic, considering he stole the jelly donut.

The last scene shows Pyle, dehumanized due to brutal and constant bullying from Hartman and the other recruits, he shouts out drill instructions and performs gun routines, mirroring how Hartman talks to him. Hartman has successfully dehumanized Pyle. The alignment the audience feels changes here from being sympathetic to negative. Pyle has inherited aspects of Hartman which the audience align with as a villain. The same score as the previous scene plays throughout, echoing that something equally distrubing is about to occur. Joker refers to the dehumanized Pyle as Leonard, his real name. In his mental state, Pyle realises his humanity and kills himself in an extremely graphic fashion. Thus ends the first part of Full Metal Jacket with both characters the audience align with dead, with only Joker alive, making the audience align with him now.

A spectator who has experiences with bullying may find that they sympathise with Pyle despite his homicidal outburst. It depends on the spectator whether they feel sympathy or not.


Tuesday, 25 November 2014

Central and A-Central Imagining

Central Imagining




In A Clockwork Orange, the spectator relies on the observer of the film, Alex. In this scene, Alex is nearly drowned to death by the police, who were his former gangmembers. There are strange sound disorientating sound effects each time Alex is hit by the baton, symbolising his pain. The use of the long take signifies his suffering and ordeal. The location of the scene which occurs in a damp forest surrounded by dead trees and quite far from anything shows the hopelessness of Alex's predicament. The costumes of a police officer show corruption in the dystopian world  A clockwork orange is set in. The non-diagetic music in the background is the theme of the film, strange electronic synth music, which is being drowned out by the sound of Alex's agony.


In Shaun Of The Dead, the character David is ripped apart by zombies, with screams and zombies eating him being the sound and foley we hear. We see gore effects, disgusting the spectator. Eventually, it gets so over the top and extreme, his friends rip his own legs off trying to save him. The film's genre as a horror comedy means whilst the scene may be conventionally gruesome, it is meant to be a piece of dark humour, especially when the friends are trying to save him when he is clearly already dead.


In Only God Forgives, there is a long extended fight scene where Ryan Gosling gets the shit beaten out of him. The fight is very dramatic with dramatic music and slow motion shots. The camera shows every punch and kick, the audience is supposed to be in awe at the fight scene. The characters costumes and appearences are not conventional. At first glance, you would expect Ryan Gosling's character to be able to beat up the Thai man quite easily but he doesnt even get a single hit in. This scene demonstrates the removal of Ryan Goslings character's masculinity as he is beaten up in front of his date and his mum. The thai man is hinted at to be a symbolic version of god, which is interesting considering the face towards the side of him and the red lighting in the background.




A-Central Imagining
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In Looper, The character Seth finds that his limbs are slowly being cut off. The scene
is not shockingly explicit in his limbs dissapearing but it is so surreal to the spectator
that they imagine more than they actually see. You feel sorry for the character.




In Inglorious Basterds, in the opening scene, Sgt Hans Landa orders the nazi's
to kill jewish people hiding in the floorboards of a house. Rather than showing the actual killings,
Tarantino just shows shooting the floorboards, so the spectator has to imagine the jewish people
being killed. An interesting shot is the mis-en-scene when you see Shoshanna run out into the field from the doorway. You see the silhouette of Hans Landa and the house interior contrasted against the traditionally beautiful French landscape, a metaphor for the german invasion of France. This could be symbolic as Hans Landa as a personification of pure evil as he is just pure black. The score is also very dramatic which adds to the a-central reading of the scene.




In American Werewolf in Paris, this man is chased by the werewolf, however
we do not actually see the werewolf until right at the end of the clip.
This makes the audience imagine what the man is so frightened
at seeing and keeps them in suspense. The location is a familar one to the audience which makes the 
suspense even stranger. The narrow curved hallways are used to hide what is actually chasing him. 

Spectator Theory






Preferred Reading- You can believe in the films concepts and take it as face value as reality. You can buy into the concept of the film and that this scene is just to advance the plot. You acknowledge that the scene has meaning in it but because you are engaged in the films concepts, you don't notice it immediately.

Negotiated Reading- You can disagree with certain aspects of the film, like the open/cliffhanger ending which doesn't specifically answer the question whether Cobb is awake or not. You could also question the motivation of Cobb's character in that it is too dramatic, with his wife murdering anyone who steps into his mind.

Oppositional Reading- you dislike the films concepts but can read metaphors and meanings into the film on a intellectual level. The city folding in on itself could be read as a metaphor for being trapped in the city, especially considering Cobb's dreamworld is restricted to a city when he could think of literally anywhere else to be. The people looking at Cobb as they walk past represent social anxiety and the people walking in his dream could represent red blood cells.